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The PSIQ is a questionnaire that measures imagery ability across all five sensory modalities: visual, auditory, olfactory, gustatory, and tactile. It is more comprehensive than the purely visual VVIQ.
The Plymouth Sensory Imagery Questionnaire (PSIQ) extends the assessment of imagery ability beyond the visual domain. It was developed to understand whether people with visual aphantasia also have limitations in other sensory modalities. The PSIQ contains 35 items querying imaginations in five areas: seeing (e.g., a friend's face), hearing (e.g., voice), smelling (e.g., freshly baked bread), tasting (e.g., lemon), and feeling (e.g., sand between toes). Research results show that aphantasia is often limited to the visual domain, but some affected individuals are also limited in other modalities. The PSIQ helps capture a person's complete sensory profile and identify subtypes of aphantasia.
The VVIQ is a standardized questionnaire for measuring the vividness of visual imagery. It consists of 16 items where participants rate their ability to visualize on a 5-point scale.
Learn moreAphantasia is the inability to voluntarily create mental images. People with aphantasia cannot visualize faces, places, or objects in their mind's eye, although they can recognize and describe them. The term was coined by neurologist Adam Zeman in 2015.
Learn moreMental images are internal visual representations that arise without external stimuli. They enable seeing objects, scenes, or people before the "mind's eye," such as when remembering, dreaming, or planning.
Learn moreTake our scientifically validated VVIQ test and find out where you stand on the visualization spectrum.
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